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Overview
Recursion and backtracking are powerful techniques for solving complex problems by breaking them down into smaller subproblems. This section covers recursive thinking and systematic exploration of solution spaces.
Key Concepts
- Recursive function design
- Base cases and recursive cases
- Backtracking template
- Pruning and optimization
- Memoization
- State space exploration
Common Problems
Easy
- Fibonacci Number
- Power of Two
- Climbing Stairs
Medium
- Subsets
- Permutations
- Combinations
- Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
- Generate Parentheses
Hard
- N-Queens
- Sudoku Solver
- Word Search II
- Regular Expression Matching
Practice Tips
- Define base case: Always start with the termination condition
- State representation: Clearly define what state to track
- Backtracking pattern: Make choice, recurse, undo choice
- Pruning: Skip invalid branches early