Paxos Made Simple
Paxos is the foundational consensus algorithm that enables distributed systems to agree on values despite failures — the theoretical bedrock behind Google Chubby, Apache ZooKeeper, and every modern consensus protocol.
Spanner: Google's Globally-Distributed Database
Spanner is Google's globally distributed database that provides externally consistent reads and writes — the first system to achieve global ACID transactions at scale using TrueTime and Paxos.
Leader Election
Understanding how distributed systems select a leader to coordinate operations and maintain consistency
Raft Consensus Algorithm (Ongaro/Ousterhout) Summary
Raft protocol explained for interviews: leader election + log replication. RequestVote/AppendEntries, Raft vs Paxos, etcd/Consul use. Read now.